Day: October 18, 2022

The author of 《Kinetic insights into removal of indole in aqueous solutions by ozonation: operating parameters, modeling and degradation pathways》 were Jiang, Longxin; Wang, Chunrong; Chen, Xiaoya; Liu, Dan; Zhang, Qi; Wang, Xingmin; Li, Haiyan; Sun, Moxin. And the article was published in Research on Chemical Intermediates in 2019. Reference of 1H-Indole The author mentioned the following in the article:

Nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds (NHCs) pose a serious threat to human health and ecosystems, and ozonation has been widely applied in the efficient removal of NHCs in water environments. In the present study, the degradation performance of indole in aqueous solutions was investigated. The second-order rate constants of indole reacting with mol. ozone at pH 2 and ·OH at pH 9 were determined to be 223.24 M-1 s-1 and 12.3 × 109 M-1 s-1, resp. The effect of different operating parameters both on the mass transfer and chem. kinetics was evaluated during the degradation of indole by ozonation. To attain a better removal performance, a pH value around 9 and a temperature of 35.6 °C were preferred. Addnl., the higher initial ozone concentrations were proved to be beneficial for the enhancement of the removal rate. Compared with synthetic solutions, the removal of indole appeared to be more efficient in real bio-treated coal gasification wastewater. A chem. kinetic model was built based on the rate constants and exposures of O3 and ·OH, and exptl. results demonstrated that the removal rates can be satisfactorily predicted. The relative contributions of O3 and ·OH measured by the modeling results indicated that the mol. ozone played a dominant role in the reaction system. By further anal. of intermediates with gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), a number of products were detected, and three degradation pathways were tentatively proposed. This work provides a reference for kinetic studies on the treatment of other NHCs using ozone technologies. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 1H-Indole(cas: 120-72-9Reference of 1H-Indole)

1H-Indole(cas: 120-72-9) belongs to indole. Indole, also called Benzopyrrole, a heterocyclic organic compound occurring in some flower oils, such as jasmine and orange blossom, in coal tar, and in fecal matter. It is used in perfumery and in making tryptophan, an essential amino acid, and indoleacetic acid (heteroauxin), a hormone that promotes the development of roots in plant cuttings.Reference of 1H-Indole

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

《Inulin-type fructan intervention restricts the increase in gut microbiome-generated indole in patients with peritoneal dialysis: a randomized crossover study.》 was written by Li, Li; Xiong, Qingqing; Zhao, Jing; Lin, Xuechun; He, Shuiqin; Wu, Nannan; Yao, Ying; Liang, Wangqun; Zuo, Xuezhi; Ying, Chenjiang. Related Products of 120-72-9 And the article was included in The American journal of clinical nutrition in 2020. The article conveys some information:

BACKGROUND: Indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (pCS), 2 important protein-bound uremic toxins, are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with end-stage renal disease. Indole and p-cresol are gut microbiome-generated precursors of IS and pCS. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine whether inulin-type fructans (ITFs) reduce the production of indole and p-cresol by altering their producing bacteria in patients with peritoneal dialysis. METHODS: Patients receiving peritoneal dialysis for >3 mo without diabetes and not using antibiotics were recruited to a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of ITF intervention over 36 wk (12-wk washout). The primary outcomes were gut microbiome, fecal indole and p-cresol, indole-producing bacteria, p-cresol-producing bacteria, and serum IS and pCS. The secondary outcomes were fecal pH, 24-h urine, and dialysis removal of IS and pCS. RESULTS: Of 21 individuals randomly assigned, 15 completed the study. The daily nutrient intakes, including protein, tryptophan, and tyrosine, were isostatic during the prebiotic, washout, and placebo intervention. There were no baseline differences in the outcomes of interest between treatments. For fecal indole, its concentrations did not change significantly in either treatment. However, there was a trend toward the treatment-by-time effect (P = 0.052), with a quantitative reduction in the ITF treatment and an increase in the control. The difference in the changes between the 2 treatments was significant (-10.07 ± 7.48 μg/g vs +13.35 ± 7.66 μg/g; P = 0.040). Similar to Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, there was a difference over time between the 2 treatments, with a significant treatment and time interaction effect (P = 0.047). There were no treatment, time, or interaction effects for fecal p-cresol, serum IS and pCS, 24-h urine, and dialysis removal of IS and pCS. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that ITFs restricted the increase in gut microbiome-generated indole in patients with peritoneal dialysis. This trial was registered at http://www.chictr.organiccn/showproj.aspx?proj=21228 as ChiCTR-INR-17013739. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 1H-Indole(cas: 120-72-9Related Products of 120-72-9)

1H-Indole(cas: 120-72-9) belongs to indole. Indole, also called Benzopyrrole, a heterocyclic organic compound occurring in some flower oils, such as jasmine and orange blossom, in coal tar, and in fecal matter. It is used in perfumery and in making tryptophan, an essential amino acid, and indoleacetic acid (heteroauxin), a hormone that promotes the development of roots in plant cuttings.Related Products of 120-72-9

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

《Phenothiazine core promoted charge transfer in conjugated microporous polymers for photocatalytic Ugi-type reaction and aerobic selenation of indoles》 was written by Zhang, Weijie; Li, Sizhe; Tang, Xiang; Tang, Juntao; Pan, Chunyue; Yu, Guipeng. Application In Synthesis of 5-Fluoro-1H-indole And the article was included in Applied Catalysis, B: Environmental in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Task-specific design and construction of conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) for classic organic transformation is highly significant but challenging. Herein, we report strategy to promote charge transfer in CMPs using phenothiazine unit as a core and commonly used building blocks (carbazole/benzene) as the linker. Featuring by wide visible-light absorption, narrow optical bandgap, and facilitated charge transfer, phenothiazine-core CMPs exhibited superior photocatalytic performance towards Ugi-type reaction and aerobic selenation of indoles compared with those phenothiazine-free counterparts and commonly reported photocatalysts. Furthermore, the photocatalytic enhancement achieved in the designed CMPs system represents a substantial advance and verifies the viability of a simple strategy to tailor the photophys. properties of CMPs, which may facilitate the design of new photocatalysts.5-Fluoro-1H-indole(cas: 399-52-0Application In Synthesis of 5-Fluoro-1H-indole) was used in this study.

5-Fluoro-1H-indole(cas: 399-52-0) is a member of aromaticfluorinated building blocks. Depending on which substituents are present, fluoroaromatic intermediates can be converted into fluorinated or fluorine-free commercial end products.Fluorine-containing aromatics have been incorporated into drugs (hypnotics, tranquilizers, antiinflammatory agents, analgesics, antibacterials).Application In Synthesis of 5-Fluoro-1H-indole

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Gatta, Franco; Misiti, Domenico published an article in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry. The title of the article was 《Sodium periodate oxidation of tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives》.Computed Properties of C13H12N2O4 The author mentioned the following in the article:

The oxidation of some 3-(methoxy- and ethoxycarbonyl)tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives with sodium periodate led to the formation of 1,4-benzodiazonine derivatives e.g. I, or fully aromatic β-carbolines depending on both nature and number of substituents at 1-position. After reading the article, we found that the author used 2,3,4,9-Tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-1,3-dicarboxylic acid(cas: 59132-30-8Computed Properties of C13H12N2O4)

2,3,4,9-Tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-1,3-dicarboxylic acid(cas: 59132-30-8) belongs to indole.The indole subunit is an almost ubiquitous component of biologically active natural products, and its study has been the focus of research for decades.Computed Properties of C13H12N2O4They are capable of binding to a variety of receptors with high affinity and thus have applications in a wide range of therapeutic areas.

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

In 2008,Chemistry – A European Journal included an article by Unverzagt, Carlo; Eller, Steffen; Mezzato, Stefano; Schuberth, Ralf. Quality Control of Ethyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-β-D-thioglucopyranoside. The article was titled 《A double regio- and stereoselective glycosylation strategy for the synthesis of N-glycans》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A building block approach for biantennary N-linked oligosaccharides from glycoproteins (N-glycans) has been developed. Starting from a core trisaccharide (β-mannosyl chitobiose) containing a benzylidene-protected β-mannoside, the attachment of the disaccharide building blocks for the antennae can be performed in a double regio- and stereoselective manner. A short synthesis of a GlcNPhtβ1,2Man donor was developed. The benzylidene acetal moiety, as a minimal protection of the 3-mannoside, allows selective α-glycosylation at OH-3 of the 2,3-diol with GlcNβ1,2Man trichloroacetimidate donors. Subsequent debenzylidenation leads to a 4,6-diol, which can be selectively extended at OH-6. Overreaction at OH-4 was generally low when phthalimido-protected donors were used. This general strategy represents a modular synthesis of N-glycans and their glycoconjugates. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Ethyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-β-D-thioglucopyranoside(cas: 99409-32-2Quality Control of Ethyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-β-D-thioglucopyranoside)

Ethyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-β-D-thioglucopyranoside(cas: 99409-32-2) belongs to indole.The indole subunit is an almost ubiquitous component of biologically active natural products, and its study has been the focus of research for decades.Quality Control of Ethyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-β-D-thioglucopyranosideThey are capable of binding to a variety of receptors with high affinity and thus have applications in a wide range of therapeutic areas.

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

The author of 《4-Aminoindoles as 1,4-bisnucleophiles for diversity-oriented synthesis of tricyclic indoles bearing 3,4-fused seven-membered rings》 were Chen, Shaomin; Ravichandiran, Palanisamy; El-Harairy, Ahmed; Queneau, Yves; Li, Minghao; Gu, Yanlong. And the article was published in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2019. Formula: C8H7FN2 The author mentioned the following in the article:

A straightforward access to tricyclic indoles bearing 3,4-fused seven-membered rings I [R = H, Me; R1 = H, F, Br, COOMe; R2 = H, C(O)Me, COOEt, COOMe; R3 = H, COOMe, COOEt, Ph; R2R3 = -(CH2)3-, -(CH2)4-, -(CH2)5-, -(CH2)2OCH2-; R4 = cyclopropyl, 4-methylphenyl, 2-naphthyl, 2-furyl, etc.] and II [R5 = CH2, C(Me)2] and 4-(p-tolyl)-1,3,4,6-tetrahydro-2H-azepino[4,3,2-cd]indol-2-one has been established by using 4-aminoindoles as 1,4-bisnucleophiles III (R6 = H, F, Br, COOMe) in three-component reactions. 1H-Azepino[4,3,2-cd]indoles, 4,6-dihydro-1H-azepino[4,3,2-cd]indoles and 1,3,4,6-tetrahydro-5H-azepino[4,3,2-cd]indol-5-ones could thus be synthesized in one pot in moderate to good yields. Beyond opening access to 3,4-fused tricyclic indoles, the use of easily accessible 4-aminoindoles as C,N-1,4-bisnucleophiles also provides a new platform to be used in a diversity-oriented synthesis strategy, fully displaying its benefits of maximizing mol. complexity and reaction diversity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Fluoro-1H-indol-4-amine(cas: 885518-25-2Formula: C8H7FN2)

6-Fluoro-1H-indol-4-amine(cas: 885518-25-2) belongs to anime. Acylation is one of the most important reactions of primary and secondary amines; a hydrogen atom is replaced by an acyl group (a group derived from an acid, such as RCOOH or RSO3H, by removal of ―OH, such as RC(=O)―, RS(O)2―, and so on). Reagents may be acid chlorides (RCOC1, RSO2C1), anhydrides ((RCO)2O), or even esters (RCOOR′); the products are amides of the corresponding acids.Formula: C8H7FN2

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

In 2019,Breast Cancer Research and Treatment included an article by Hedrick, Erik; Li, Xi; Cheng, Yating; Lacey, Alexandra; Mohankumar, Kumaravel; Zarei, Mahsa; Safe, Stephen. SDS of cas: 120-72-9. The article was titled 《Potent inhibition of breast cancer by bis-indole-derived nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1) antagonists》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1) is overexpressed in mammary tumors, and the methylene-substituted bis-indole derivative 1,1-bis(3′-indolyl)-1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)methane (DIM-C-pPhOH) acts as an NR4A1 antagonist (inverse agonist) and inhibits NR4A1-regulated pro-oncogenic pathways/genes in breast and other cancer cells. Buttressed analogs of DIM-C-pPhOH were synthesized by condensation of the substituted p-hydroxybenzaldehydes with indole. Breast cancer cell growth, survival, and migration assays were carried out by cell counting, Annexin V staining, and Boyden chamber assays, resp. Changes in RNA and protein expression were determined by RT-PCR and western blots, resp. Anal. of RNAseq results was carried out using Ingenuity Pathway Anal., and in vivo potencies of NR4A1 antagonists were determined in athymic nude mice bearing MDA-MB-231 cells in an orthotopic model. Ingenuity Pathway anal. of common genes modulated by NR4A1 knockdown or treatment with DIM-C-pPhOH showed that changes in gene expression were consistent with the observed decreased functional responses, namely inhibition of growth and migration and increased apoptosis. DIM-C-pPhOH is rapidly metabolized and the effects and potencies of buttressed analogs of DIM-C-pPhOH which contain one or two substituents ortho to the hydroxyl groups were investigated using NR4A1-regulated gene/gene products as endpoints. The buttressed analogs were more potent than DIM-C-pPhOH in both in vitro assays and as inhibitors of mammary tumor growth. Moreover, using 1,1-bis(3′-indolyl)-1-(3-chloro-4-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)methane (DIM-C-pPhOh-3-Cl-5-OCH3) significant tumor growth inhibition was observed at doses as low as 2 mg/kg/d which was at least an order of magnitude more potent than DIM-C-pPhOH. These buttressed analogs represent a more potent set of second generation NR4A1 antagonists as inhibitors of breast cancer. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 1H-Indole(cas: 120-72-9SDS of cas: 120-72-9)

1H-Indole(cas: 120-72-9) belongs to indole. Indole, also called Benzopyrrole, a heterocyclic organic compound occurring in some flower oils, such as jasmine and orange blossom, in coal tar, and in fecal matter. It is used in perfumery and in making tryptophan, an essential amino acid, and indoleacetic acid (heteroauxin), a hormone that promotes the development of roots in plant cuttings.SDS of cas: 120-72-9

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Category: indole-building-blockIn 2021 ,《Silver-Catalyzed Asymmetric Dearomatization of Electron-Deficient Heteroarenes via Interrupted Barton-Zard Reaction》 appeared in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. The author of the article were Wan, Qian; Xie, Jia-Hao; Zheng, Chao; Yuan, Yao-Feng; You, Shu-Li. The article conveys some information:

Herein a catalytic asym. dearomatization reaction of electron-deficient heteroarenes with α-substituted isocyanoacetates through an interrupted Barton-Zard reaction was reported. A range of optically active pyrrolo[3,4-b]indole derivatives such as I [R1 = Ac, CO2Me, Ts, etc.; R2 = H, 4-Me, 5-OBn, etc.; R3 = Me, t-Bu, Bn, etc.; R4 = Me, allyl, Ph, etc.] was obtained in good yields (up to 97%) with high stereoselectivities (up to >20:1 dr and 97% ee), using a catalytic system consisting of a cinchona-derived amino-phosphine and silver oxide. This reaction featured wide substrate scope and mild conditions, and provided a new strategy for developing asym. dearomatization reactions. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 5-Fluoro-1H-indole(cas: 399-52-0Category: indole-building-block)

5-Fluoro-1H-indole(cas: 399-52-0) is a member of aromaticfluorinated building blocks. Depending on which substituents are present, fluoroaromatic intermediates can be converted into fluorinated or fluorine-free commercial end products.Fluorine-containing aromatics have been incorporated into drugs (hypnotics, tranquilizers, antiinflammatory agents, analgesics, antibacterials).Category: indole-building-block

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

SDS of cas: 99409-32-2On March 31, 2003, Sarkar, Kakali; Mukherjee, Indrani; Roy, Nirmolendu published an article in Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry. The article was 《Synthesis of the trisaccharide repeating unit of the O-antigen related to the enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli type O26:H》. The article mentions the following:

L-Fucose was converted to the 2-azido-2-deoxy-L-fucose derivative, which together with the monosaccharide synthons prepared from L-rhamnose and D-glucosamine hydrochloride were utilized for the synthesis of the p-ethoxyphenyl glycoside of the trisaccharide repeating unit of the antigen from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli type O26:H. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Ethyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-β-D-thioglucopyranoside(cas: 99409-32-2SDS of cas: 99409-32-2)

Ethyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-β-D-thioglucopyranoside(cas: 99409-32-2) belongs to indole.The indole subunit is an almost ubiquitous component of biologically active natural products, and its study has been the focus of research for decades.SDS of cas: 99409-32-2They are capable of binding to a variety of receptors with high affinity and thus have applications in a wide range of therapeutic areas. Due to this activity, the indole ring system has become an important component or intermediate in the synthesis of heterocycles.

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Related Products of 120-72-9In 2021 ,《Syntheses and medicinal chemistry of azepinoindolones: a look back to leap forward》 appeared in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry. The author of the article were Kadagathur, Manasa; Patra, Sandip; Sigalapalli, Dilep Kumar; Shankaraiah, Nagula; Tangellamudi, Neelima D.. The article conveys some information:

A review on Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic scaffolds constitute nearly 75% of small mols. which favorably act as drug candidates. For the past few decades, numerous natural and synthetic indole-based scaffolds have been reported for their diverse pharmacol. profiles. In particular, indole-fused azepines, termed azepinoindolones, have come under the radar of medicinal chemists owing to their synthetic and pharmacol. importance. Accumulating reports of evidence suggest that compounds containing this privileged scaffold display their cytotoxic effects via inhibition of kinase, topoisomerase I, mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (mMDH), and tubulin polymerization and as DNA minor groove binding agents. Herein, author’s endeavor to present a closer look at the advancements of various synthetic and derivatization methods of azepinoindolone-based compounds Author’s have further extended author’s efforts to discuss the pharmacol. effects of azepinoindolones in the whole range of medicinal chem. as anti-Alzheimer, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antileishmanial, and antipyranosomal agents and as drug delivery vectors. Author’s anal. of recent advances reveals that azepinoindolones will continue to serve as potential pharmaceutical modalities in the years to come and their substantial pool of synthetic methods will be ever expanding. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 1H-Indole(cas: 120-72-9Related Products of 120-72-9)

1H-Indole(cas: 120-72-9) belongs to indole. Indole, also called Benzopyrrole, a heterocyclic organic compound occurring in some flower oils, such as jasmine and orange blossom, in coal tar, and in fecal matter. It is used in perfumery and in making tryptophan, an essential amino acid, and indoleacetic acid (heteroauxin), a hormone that promotes the development of roots in plant cuttings.Related Products of 120-72-9

Referemce:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles