Month: November 2022

Tani, Masanobu published the artcileNew strategy for indole synthesis from ethyl pyrrole-2-carboxylate (synthetic studies on indoles and related compounds. XXXIX), COA of Formula: C12H13NO3, the publication is Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin (1996), 44(1), 55-61, database is CAplus.

As a synthetic application of the previously reported C₄-acylation of Et pyrrole-2-carboxylate, a new strategy for indole synthesis was developed. Et pyrrole-2-carboxylate was allowed to react with succinic anhydride or 3-methoxycarbonylpropionyl chloride to give, in good yield, a C₄-succinyl derivative, which was converted into Et 7-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindole-2-carboxylate (I) as a key intermediate for indole synthesis. Starting from I, several indoles functionalized on the benzene moiety were synthesized.

Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin published new progress about 20538-12-9. 20538-12-9 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Indole,Ester,Ether, name is Ethyl 7-methoxy-1H-indole-2-carboxylate, and the molecular formula is C9H10O4, COA of Formula: C12H13NO3.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Wu, Fan published the artcileOxyamination of Unactivated Alkenes with Electron-Rich Amines and Acids via a Catalytic Triiodide Intermediate, Name: tert-Butyl 3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate, the publication is Organic Letters (2020), 22(3), 884-890, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

An aerobic catalytic oxidation process is described for the olefin oxyamination using acids and primary amines as the sources of O and N. Our mechanistic findings point to the formation of triiodide as a critical catalytic intermediate to account for the tolerance of electron-rich nucleophiles. This dual iodide and copper catalytic system is suitable for a formal [5+1] annulation process to access valuable lactam structures and highlighted by the synthesis of the pharmaceutical Zamifenacin.

Organic Letters published new progress about 167015-84-1. 167015-84-1 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Indols, name is tert-Butyl 3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate, and the molecular formula is C15H20N2O2, Name: tert-Butyl 3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Mondal, Pravat published the artcileEnantioselective Total Synthesis of Desbromoarborescidines A-C and the Formal Synthesis of (S)-Deplancheine, Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl 3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate, the publication is Journal of Organic Chemistry (2013), 78(13), 6802-6808, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Starting from Boc-protected tryptamine and (S)-tetrahydro-5-oxo-2-furancarboxylic acid, facile enantioselective total synthesis of desbromoarborescidines A-C and the formal synthesis of (S)-deplancheine have been accomplished via a common intermediate (S)-indolo[2,3-a]quinolizine (I). Synthesis of enantiomerically pure (S)-acetoxyglutarimide (II), stereoselective reductive intramol. cyclization, hydroxyl group-assisted in situ N-Boc-deprotection, selective deoxygenation of the xanthate ester, and lactam hydrolysis followed by an appropriate exchange of nitrogen regioselectivity in intramol. cyclization were the decisive steps.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 167015-84-1. 167015-84-1 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Indols, name is tert-Butyl 3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate, and the molecular formula is C15H20N2O2, Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl 3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Di Nicolantonio, Federica published the artcileReplacement of normal with mutant alleles in the genome of normal human cells unveils mutation-specific drug responses, SDS of cas: 2854-32-2, the publication is Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (2008), 105(52), 20864-20869, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are responsible for tumorigenesis and represent favored therapeutic targets in oncol. The authors exploited homologous recombination to knock-in individual cancer mutations in the genome of nontransformed human cells. Sequential introduction of multiple mutations was also achieved, demonstrating the potential of this strategy to construct tumor progression models. Knock-in cells displayed allele-specific activation of signaling pathways and mutation-specific phenotypes different from those obtainable by ectopic oncogene expression. Profiling of a library of pharmacol. agents on the mutated cells showed striking sensitivity or resistance phenotypes to pathway-targeted drugs, often matching those of tumor cells carrying equivalent cancer mutations. Thus, knock-in of single or multiple cancer alleles provides a pharmacogenomic platform for the rational design of targeted therapies.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America published new progress about 2854-32-2. 2854-32-2 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class GPCR/G Protein,Cannabinoid Receptor, name is 2-(1-(4-Chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-morpholinoethanone, and the molecular formula is C23H23ClN2O4, SDS of cas: 2854-32-2.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Khomula, Eugen V. published the artcilein vitro nociceptor neuroplasticity associated with in vivo opioid-induced hyperalgesia, HPLC of Formula: 330161-87-0, the publication is Journal of Neuroscience (2019), 39(36), 7061-7073, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) is a serious adverse event produced by opioid analgesics. Lack of an in-vitro model has hindered study of its underlying mechanisms. Recent evidence has implicated a role of nociceptors in OIH. To investigate the cellular and mol. mechanisms of OIH in nociceptors, in vitro, s.c. administration of an analgesic dose of fentanyl (30μg/kg, s.c.) was performed in vivo in male rats. Two days later, when fentanyl was administered intradermally (1μg, i.d.), in the vicinity of peripheral nociceptor terminals, it produced mech. hyperalgesia (OIH). Addnl., 2 d after systemic fentanyl, rats had also developed hyperalgesic priming (opioid-primed rats), long-lasting nociceptor neuroplasticity manifested as prolongation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) hyperalgesia. OIH was reversed, in vivo, by intrathecal administration of cordycepin, a protein translation inhibitor that reverses priming. When fentanyl (0.5 nm) was applied to dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, cultured from opioid-primed rats, it induced a μ-opioid receptor (MOR)-dependent increase in [Ca²⁺]i in 26% of small-diameter neurons and significantly sensitized (decreased action potential rheobase) weakly IB4⁺ and IB4^– neurons. This sensitizing effect of fentanyl was reversed in weakly IB4⁺ DRG neurons cultured from opioid-primed rats after in vivo treatment with cordycepin, to reverse of OIH. Thus, in vivo administration of fentanyl induces nociceptor neuroplasticity, which persists in culture, providing evidence for the role of nociceptor MOR-mediated calcium signaling and peripheral protein translation, in the weakly IB4-binding population of nociceptors, in OIH.

Journal of Neuroscience published new progress about 330161-87-0. 330161-87-0 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK,Src, name is SU6656, and the molecular formula is C19H21N3O3S, HPLC of Formula: 330161-87-0.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Khomula, Eugen V. published the artcileOpioid-induced hyperalgesic priming in single nociceptors, HPLC of Formula: 330161-87-0, the publication is Journal of Neuroscience (2021), 41(1), 31-46, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Clin. μ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonists produce hyperalgesic priming, a form of maladaptive nociceptor neuroplasticity, resulting in pain chronification. We have established an in vitro model of opioid-induced hyperalgesic priming (OIHP), in male rats, to identify nociceptor populations involved and its maintenance mechanisms. OIHP was induced in vivo by systemic administration of fentanyl and confirmed by prolongation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) hyperalgesia. Intrathecal cordycepin, which reverses Type I priming, or the combination of Src and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors, which reverses Type II priming, both partially attenuated OIHP. Parallel in vitro experiments were performed on small-diameter (<30μm) dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, cultured from fentanyl-primed rats, and rats with OIHP treated with agents that reverse Type I or Type II priming. Enhancement of the sensitizing effect of a low concentration of PGE2 (10 nm), another characteristic feature of priming, measured as reduction in action potential (AP) rheobase, was found in weakly isolectin B4 (IB4)-pos. and IB4-neg. (IB4-) neurons. In strongly IB4-pos. (IB4+) neurons, only the response to a higher concentration of PGE2 (100 nm) was enhanced. The sensitizing effect of 10 nm PGE2 was attenuated in weakly IB4+ and IB4- neurons cultured from rats whose OIHP was reversed in vivo. Thus, in vivo administration of fentanyl induces neuroplasticity in weakly IB4+ and IB4- nociceptors that persists in vitro and has properties of Type I and Type II priming. The mechanism underlying the enhanced sensitizing effect of 100 nm PGE2 in strongly IB4+ nociceptors, not attenuated by inhibitors of Type I and Type II priming, remains to be elucidated.

Journal of Neuroscience published new progress about 330161-87-0. 330161-87-0 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK,Src, name is SU6656, and the molecular formula is C19H21N3O3S, HPLC of Formula: 330161-87-0.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Pettus, Liping H. published the artcileDiscovery and Optimization of Quinazolinone-pyrrolopyrrolones as Potent and Orally Bioavailable Pan-Pim Kinase Inhibitors, Recommanded Product: 2-Bromo-6,7-dihydro-1H-indol-4(5H)-one, the publication is Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2016), 59(13), 6407-6430, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The high expression of proviral insertion site of Moloney murine leukemia virus kinases (Pim-1, -2, and -3) in cancers, particularly the hematopoietic malignancies, is believed to play a role in promoting cell survival and proliferation while suppressing apoptosis. The three isoforms of Pim protein appear largely redundant in their oncogenic functions. Thus, a pan-Pim kinase inhibitor is highly desirable. However, cell active pan-Pim inhibitors have proven difficult to develop because Pim-2 has a low K_m for ATP and therefore requires a very potent inhibitor to effectively block the kinase activity at cellular ATP concentrations Herein, the authors report a series of quinazolinone-pyrrolopyrrolones as potent and selective pan-Pim inhibitors. In particular, compound (R)-2-(tert-butylamino)-3-methyl-8-(6-methyl-4-oxo-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrrol-2-yl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one (17) is orally efficacious in a mouse xenograft model (KMS-12 BM) of multiple myeloma, with 93% tumor growth inhibition at 50 mg/kg QD upon oral dosing.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 27784-79-8. 27784-79-8 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Bromide,Ketone, name is 2-Bromo-6,7-dihydro-1H-indol-4(5H)-one, and the molecular formula is C8H8BrNO, Recommanded Product: 2-Bromo-6,7-dihydro-1H-indol-4(5H)-one.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Selvakumar, Rajendran published the artcileIdentification of novel NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 antagonist using computational approaches, Application of 5-Methoxy-1,2-dimethyl-3-[(4-nitrophenoxy)methyl]indole-4,7-dione, the publication is Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics (2020), 38(3), 682-696, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) inhibitors are proved as promising therapeutic agents against cancer. This study is to determine potent NAD(P)H-dependent NQO1 inhibitors with new scaffold. Pharmacophore-based three-dimensional (3D) QSAR model has been built based on 45 NQO1 inhibitors reported in the literature. The structure-function correlation coefficient graph represents the relationship between phase activity and phase predicted activity for training and test sets. A QSAR model statistics shows the excellent correlation of the generated model. Pharmacophore hypothesis (AARR) yielded a statistically significant 3D QSASR model with a correlation coefficient of r² = 0.99 as well as an excellent predictive power. From the anal. of pharmacophore-based virtual screening using by SPEC database, 4093 hits were obtained and were further filtered using virtual screening filters (HTVS, SP, XP) through structure based mol. docking. Based on glide energy and docking score, seven lead compounds show better binding affinity compared to the co-crystal inhibitor. The results of induced fit docking and prime/MM-GBSA suggest that leads AN-153/J117103 and AT-138/KB09997 binding with the catalytic site. Further, to understanding the stability of identified lead compounds MD simulations were done. The lead AN-153/J117103 showed the strong binding stable of the protein-ligand complex. Also the computed drug likeness reveals potential of this compound to treat cancer.

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics published new progress about 192820-78-3. 192820-78-3 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Fused/Partially Saturated Cycles,Dihydroindoles, name is 5-Methoxy-1,2-dimethyl-3-[(4-nitrophenoxy)methyl]indole-4,7-dione, and the molecular formula is C9H20Cl2Si, Application of 5-Methoxy-1,2-dimethyl-3-[(4-nitrophenoxy)methyl]indole-4,7-dione.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Gonzalez-Aragon, David published the artcileES936 stimulates DNA synthesis in HeLa cells independently on NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 inhibition, through a mechanism involving p38 MAPK, SDS of cas: 192820-78-3, the publication is Chemico-Biological Interactions (2010), 186(2), 174-183, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The indolequinone ES936 (5-methoxy-1,2-dimethyl-3-[(4-nitrophenol)methyl]-indole-4,7-dione) is a potent mechanism-based inhibitor of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). Here, we report that ES936 significantly stimulated thymidine incorporation in sparse cultures of human adenocarcinoma HeLa cells, but was without effect in dense cultures. Stimulation of DNA synthesis was not related with a DNA repair response because an increase in thymidine incorporation was not observed in cells treated with 2,5 bis-[1-aziridyl]-1,4 benzoquinone, a well-established antitumor quinone that causes DNA damage. Conversely, it was related with an increase of cell growth. NQO1 inhibition was not involved in ES936 stimulation of DNA synthesis, because the same response was observed in cells where NQO1 expression had been knocked down by small interfering RNA. Stimulation of DNA synthesis was reverted by treatment with ambroxol, a SOD mimetic, and by pyruvate, an efficient peroxide scavenger, supporting the involvement of alterations in cellular redox state. Pharmacol. inhibition of p38 with either SB203580 or PD169316 completely abolished ES936-stimulated DNA synthesis, indicating the requirement of p38 activity. This is the first report that demonstrates the existence of an ES936-sensitive system which is sep. from NQO1, modulating the redox state and cell growth in HeLa cells through a p38-dependent mechanism. Our results show that the effect ES936 exerts on DNA synthesis may be either pos. or neg. depending on the cellular context and growth conditions.

Chemico-Biological Interactions published new progress about 192820-78-3. 192820-78-3 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Fused/Partially Saturated Cycles,Dihydroindoles, name is 5-Methoxy-1,2-dimethyl-3-[(4-nitrophenoxy)methyl]indole-4,7-dione, and the molecular formula is C18H16N2O6, SDS of cas: 192820-78-3.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Muldoon, Pretal P. published the artcileInhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase reduces nicotine reward in the conditioned place preference test in male mice, Product Details of C23H23ClN2O4, the publication is Neuropharmacology (2020), 108170, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Nicotine, the primary psychoactive component in tobacco, plays a major role in the initiation and maintenance of tobacco dependence and addiction, a leading cause of preventable death worldwide. In this study, we utilized complementary genetic and pharmacol. approaches to test the hypothesis that increasing the levels of the endocannabinoid 2-arachindonoylglycerol (2-AG), will enhance nicotine reward by stimulating neuronal CB1 receptors. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found that inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), the primary catabolic enzyme of 2-AG, attenuates nicotine conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice, through a non-CB1 receptor-mediated mechanism. In support of our findings, repeated MAGL inhibition did not induce a reduction in CB1 brain receptor levels or hinder function. To explore the potential mechanism of action, we investigated if MAGL inhibition affected other fatty acid levels in our CPP paradigm. Indeed, MAGL inhibition caused a concomitant decrease in arachidonic acid (AA) levels in various brain regions of interest, suggesting an AA cascade-dependent mechanism. This idea is supported by dose-dependent attenuation of nicotine preference by the selective COX-2 inhibitors valdecoxib and LM-4131. Collectively, these findings, along with our reported studies on nicotine withdrawal, suggest that inhibition of MAGL represents a promising new target for the development of pharmacotherapies to treat nicotine dependence.

Neuropharmacology published new progress about 2854-32-2. 2854-32-2 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class GPCR/G Protein,Cannabinoid Receptor, name is 2-(1-(4-Chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-morpholinoethanone, and the molecular formula is C23H23ClN2O4, Product Details of C23H23ClN2O4.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles