An article Phenotypic plasticity of floral volatiles in response to increasing drought stress WOS:000462548800004 published article about IPOMOPSIS POLEMONIACEAE; MONOTERPENE EMISSIONS; PLANT HYBRIDS; SELECTION; SCENT; EVOLUTION; COMPOUND; WATER; AVAILABILITY; POLLINATION in [Campbell, Diane R.; Sosenski, Paula] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA 92717 USA; [Campbell, Diane R.; Sosenski, Paula] Rocky Mt Biol Labs, Crested Butte, CO 81224 USA; [Sosenski, Paula] Univ Autonoma Yucatan, CONACYT Dept Ecol Trop, Campus Ciencias Biol & Agr, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico; [Raguso, Robert A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Neurobiol & Behav, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA in 2019.0, Cited 65.0. The Name is Benzyl Alcohol. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 100-51-6. Formula: C7H8O
Background and Aims Flowers emit a wide range of volatile compounds which can be critically important to interactions with pollinators or herbivores. Yet most studies of how the environment influences plant volatiles focus on leaf emissions, with little known about abiotic sources of variation in floral volatiles. Understanding phenotypic plasticity in floral volatile emissions has become increasingly important with globally increasing temperatures and changes in drought frequency and severity. Here quantitative relationships of floral volatile emissions to soil water content were analysed. Methods Plants of the sub-alpine herb Ipomopsis aggregata and hybrids with its closest congener were subjected to a progressive dry down, mimicking the range of soil moistures experienced in the field. Floral volatiles and leaf gas exchange were measured at four time points during the drought. Key Results As the soil dried, floral volatile emissions increased overall and changed in composition, from more 1,3-octadiene and benzyl alcohol to higher representation of some terpenes. Emissions of individual compounds were not linearly related to volumetric water content in the soil. The dominant compound, the monoterpene -pinene, made up the highest percentage of the scent mixture when soil moisture was intermediate. In contrast, emission of the sesquiterpene (E,E)–farnesene accelerated as the drought became more intense. Changes in floral volatiles did not track the time course of changes in photosynthetic rate or stomatal conductance. Conclusions This study shows responses of specific floral volatile organic compounds to soil moisture. The non-linear responses furthermore suggest that extreme droughts may have impacts that are not predictable from milder droughts. Floral volatiles are likely to change seasonally with early summer droughts in the Rocky Mountains, as well as over years as snowmelt becomes progressively earlier. Changes in water availability may have impacts on plant-animal interactions that are mediated through non-linear changes in floral volatiles.
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Reference:
Indole alkaloid derivatives as building blocks of natural products from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus velezensis and their antibacterial and antifungal activity study,
,Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles