Tag: M.W=250-300

Pieniazek, Anna published the artcileIndoxyl Sulfate Generates Free Radicals, Decreases Antioxidant Defense, and Leads to Damage to Mononuclear Blood Cells, Category: indole-building-block, the publication is Chemical Research in Toxicology (2018), 31(9), 869-875, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a uremic toxin that has been associated with inflammation, oxidative stress as well as with the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Indoxyl sulfate is a protein metabolite that is concentrated in the serum of CKD patients. IS is a well-known uremic toxin but there are very few reports on the effect of IS on cells including mononuclear cells (MNCs). We hypothesized that a high concentration of IS in CKD patients may induce changes in redox balance in the in vitro cells exposed. In the present study, we investigated the effect of indoxyl sulfate on free radical production, antioxidant capacity and protein damage in the mononuclear blood cells. As already determined, the concentrations (0.2 or 1 mM) of IS used in this study do not affect the survival rate of MNCs. For both the concentrations of indoxyl sulfate, there was an increase in superoxide and nitric oxide, and a release of other reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside the cells, as measured using fluorescent probes. However, an increase in other ROS as indicated by H2DCF-DA was found only for 1 mM of IS. Moreover, a decrease in the non-enzymic antioxidant capacity (NAC) and an increase in the superoxide dismutase activity after incubation of the cells with indoxyl sulfate were observed Furthermore, we found an increase in the levels of carbonyl compounds and peroxides in the cells treated with both the concentrations of IS. The obtained results show that indoxyl sulfate induces oxidative stress and a decrease in antioxidant defense in cells leading to lipids and proteins damage.

Chemical Research in Toxicology published new progress about 2642-37-7. 2642-37-7 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Indole,Salt,Sulfonate,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Potassium 1H-indol-3-yl sulfate, and the molecular formula is C8H6KNO4S, Category: indole-building-block.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Hoque, Emdadul Md published the artcileRemarkably Efficient Iridium Catalysts for Directed C(sp²)-H and C(sp³)-H Borylation of Diverse Classes of Substrates, Application In Synthesis of 683229-62-1, the publication is Journal of the American Chemical Society (2021), 143(13), 5022-5037, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Here we describe the discovery of a new class of C-H borylation catalysts and their use for regioselective C-H borylation of aromatic, heteroaromatic, and aliphatic systems. The new catalysts have Ir-C(thienyl) or Ir-C(furyl) anionic ligands instead of the diamine-type neutral chelating ligands used in the standard C-H borylation conditions. It is reported that the employment of these newly discovered catalysts show excellent reactivity and ortho-selectivity for diverse classes of aromatic substrates with high isolated yields. Moreover, the catalysts proved to be efficient for a wide number of aliphatic substrates for selective C(sp³)-H bond borylations. Heterocyclic mols. are selectively borylated using the inherently elevated reactivity of the C-H bonds. A number of late-stage C-H functionalization have been described using the same catalysts. Furthermore, we show that one of the catalysts could be used even in open air for the C(sp²)-H and C(sp³)-H borylations enabling the method more general. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that the active catalytic intermediate is the Ir(bis)boryl complex, and the attached ligand acts as bidentate ligand. Collectively, this study underlines the discovery of new class of C-H borylation catalysts that should find wide application in the context of C-H functionalization chem.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about 683229-62-1. 683229-62-1 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Indole,Boronic acid and ester,Ether,Boronate Esters,Boronic Acids,Boronic acid and ester, name is 5-Methoxy-2-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-indole, and the molecular formula is C15H20BNO3, Application In Synthesis of 683229-62-1.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Baek, Hye Suk published the artcileKMU-1170, a novel multi-protein kinase inhibitor, suppresses inflammatory signal transduction in THP-1 cells and human osteoarthritic fibroblast-like synoviocytes by suppressing activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway, Recommanded Product: 5-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)indolin-2-one, the publication is International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2021), 22(3), 1194, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Protein kinases regulate protein phosphorylation, which are involved in fundamental cellular processes such as inflammatory response. In this study, we discovered a novel multi-protein kinase inhibitor, KMU-1170, a derivative of indolin-2-one, and investigated the mechanisms of its inflammation-inhibiting signaling in both THP-1 cells and human osteoarthritic fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). We demonstrated that in THP-1 cells, KMU-1170 inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and, furthermore, suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1, JNK, ERK, inhibitor of NF-κB kinase α/β (IKKα/β), and NF-κB p65 as well as nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. Moreover, KMU-1170 suppressed LPS-induced upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, and, notably, inhibited LPS-induced upregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in THP-1 cells. Importantly, KMU-1170 attenuated LPS-mediated inflammatory responses in human osteoarthritic FLS, such as the upregulation of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 and the phosphorylation of IKKα/β and NF-κB p65. Collectively, these results suggest that KMU-1170 inhibits inflammatory signal transduction and could be developed as a potential anti-inflammatory agent.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about 837392-64-0. 837392-64-0 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Indoline,Boronic acid and ester,Amide,Boronate Esters, name is 5-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)indolin-2-one, and the molecular formula is C14H18BNO3, Recommanded Product: 5-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)indolin-2-one.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Nemoto, Tetsuhiro published the artcilePd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic amination of Morita-Baylis-Hillman adduct derivatives using chiral diaminophosphine oxides: DIAPHOXs, SDS of cas: 167015-84-1, the publication is Organic Letters (2007), 9(5), 927-930, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Asym. allylic amination of allylic carbonates prepared from racemic Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts proceeded in the presence of Pd catalyst, chiral diaminophosphine oxide (DIAPHOX), and BSA, affording the corresponding chiral aza-Morita-Baylis-Hillman adduct derivatives in excellent yield with up to 99% ee. The cyclic reaction products could be converted into various synthetically useful compounds such as chiral cyclic β-amino acids.

Organic Letters published new progress about 167015-84-1. 167015-84-1 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Indols, name is tert-Butyl 3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate, and the molecular formula is C15H20N2O2, SDS of cas: 167015-84-1.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Bartolowits, Matthew D. published the artcileDiscovery of inhibitors for proliferating cell nuclear antigen using a computational-based linked-multiple-fragment screen, Computed Properties of 167015-84-1, the publication is ACS Omega (2019), 4(12), 15181-15196, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a central factor in DNA replication and repair pathways that plays an essential role in genome stability. The functional roles of PCNA are mediated through an extensive list of protein-protein interactions, each of which transmits specific information in protein assemblies. The flexibility at the PCNA-protein interaction interfaces offers opportunities for the discovery of functionally selective inhibitors of DNA repair pathways. Current fragment-based drug design methodologies can be limited by the flexibility of protein interfaces. These factors motivated an approach to defining compounds that could leverage previously identified subpockets on PCNA that are suitable for fragment-binding sites. Methodologies for screening multiple connected fragment-binding events in distinct subpockets are deployed to improve the selection of fragment combinations. A flexible backbone based on N-alkyl-glycine amides offers a scaffold to combinatorically link multiple fragments for in silico screening libraries that explore the diversity of subpockets at protein interfaces. This approach was applied to discover new potential inhibitors of DNA replication and repair that target PCNA in a multiprotein recognition site. The screens of the libraries were designed to computationally filter ligands based upon the fragments and positions to <1%, which were synthesized and tested for direct binding to PCNA. Mol. dynamics simulations also revealed distinct features of these novel mols. that block key PCNA-protein interactions. Furthermore, a Bayesian classifier predicted 15 of the 16 new inhibitors to be modulators of protein-protein interactions, demonstrating the method’s utility as an effective screening filter. The cellular activities of example ligands with similar affinity for PCNA demonstrate unique properties for novel selective synergy with therapeutic DNA-damaging agents in drug-resistant contexts.

ACS Omega published new progress about 167015-84-1. 167015-84-1 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Indols, name is tert-Butyl 3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate, and the molecular formula is C15H20N2O2, Computed Properties of 167015-84-1.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Askey, Hannah E. published the artcilePhotocatalytic Hydroaminoalkylation of Styrenes with Unprotected Primary Alkylamines, Synthetic Route of 167015-84-1, the publication is Journal of the American Chemical Society (2021), 143(39), 15936-15945, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A solution to these problems using organophotoredox catalysis, enabling a direct, modular and sustainable preparation of α-(di)substituted γ-arylamines, including challenging electron-neutral and moderately electron-rich aryl groups was reported. A broad range of functionalities were tolerated, and the reactions was run on multigram scale in continuous flow. The method was applied to a concise, protecting-group-free synthesis of the blockbuster drug Fingolimod, as well as a phosphonate mimic of its in-vivo active form (by iterative α-C-H functionalization of ethanolamine). The reaction was sequenced with an intramol. N-arylation to provided a general and modular access to valuable (spirocyclic) 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyridines. Mechanistic and kinetic studies supportes an irreversible hydrogen atom transfer activation of the alkylamine by the azidyl radical and some contribution from a radical chain. The reaction was photon-limited and exhibits a zero-order dependence on amine, azide, and photocatalyst, with a first-order dependence on styrene.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about 167015-84-1. 167015-84-1 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Indols, name is tert-Butyl 3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate, and the molecular formula is C15H20N2O2, Synthetic Route of 167015-84-1.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Dolle, Roland E. published the artcileA statistical-based approach to assessing the fidelity of combinatorial libraries encoded with electrophoric molecular tags. Development and application of tag decode-assisted single bead LC/MS analysis, Formula: C15H20N2O2, the publication is Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry (2000), 2(6), 716-731, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A statistical sampling protocol is described to assess the fidelity of libraries encoded with mol. tags. The methodol., termed library QA, is based on the combined application of tag decode anal. and single bead LC/MS. The phys. existence of library compounds eluted from beads is established by comparing the mol. weight predicted by tag decode with empirical measurement. The goal of sampling is to provide information on overall library fidelity and an indication of the performance of individual library synthons. The minimal sampling size n for library QA is 10× the largest synthon set. Data are reported as proportion (p) ± lower and upper boundary (lb-ub) computed at the 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). As a practical demonstration, library QA was performed on a 25 200-member library of statine-containing peptide amides (size = 40 × 63 × 10). Sampling was conducted three times at n âˆ?630 beads per run for a total of 1902 beads. The overall proportions found for the three runs were consistent with one another: p = 84.4%, lb-ub = 81.5-87.2%; p = 83.1%, lb-ub = 80.2-85.95; and p = 84.5%, lb-ub = 81.8-87.3%, suggesting the true value of p is close to 84% compound confirmation. The performance p_i of individual synthons was also computed. Corroboration of QA data with biol. screening results obtained from assaying the library against cathepsin D and plasmepsin II is discussed.

Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry published new progress about 167015-84-1. 167015-84-1 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Indols, name is tert-Butyl 3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate, and the molecular formula is C15H20N2O2, Formula: C15H20N2O2.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Donaldson, Robert M. Jr. published the artcileUrinary excretion of indolic compounds in rats with intestinal pouches, Application In Synthesis of 2642-37-7, the publication is American Journal of Physiology (1961), 794-6, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The urinary excretion of indican and free and total indoleacetic acid is significantly increased in the rat in the presence of a localized area of intestinal stasis produced surgically by the creation of a pouch in the small intestine. Tryptamine, serotonin, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid excretion in the urine is not altered. Intestinal stasis and bacterial activity within the pouch are responsible for the increased amounts of indican and indoleacetic acid in the urine.

American Journal of Physiology published new progress about 2642-37-7. 2642-37-7 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Indole,Salt,Sulfonate,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is Potassium 1H-indol-3-yl sulfate, and the molecular formula is C8H6KNO4S, Application In Synthesis of 2642-37-7.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Hara, Toshiaki published the artcileProbing the Structural Requirements of Peptoids That Inhibit HDM2-p53 Interactions, Safety of tert-Butyl 3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate, the publication is Journal of the American Chemical Society (2006), 128(6), 1995-2004, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Many cellular processes are controlled by protein-protein interactions, and selective inhibition of these interactions could lead to the development of new therapies for several diseases. For example, overexpression of the protein HDM2 (human double minute 2), which binds to and inactivates the protein p53, has been linked to tumor aggressiveness and drug resistance in cancer. In creating inhibitors of protein-protein interactions, one strategy is to recreate the three-dimensional arrangement of side chains that are involved in the binding of one protein to another, using a nonnatural scaffold as the attachment point for the side chains. Here, the authors used oligomeric peptoids as the scaffold to develop a general strategy to rationally design synthetic mols. that can be optimized for inhibition of protein-protein interactions. Structural information on the HDM2-p53 complex was used to design the first class of peptoid inhibitors, and this work provides, in detail, the strategy to modify peptoids with the appropriate side chains that are effective inhibitors of HDM2-p53 binding. While the authors initially tried to develop rigid, helical peptoids as HDM2 binders, the best inhibitors were surprisingly peptoids that lacked any helix-promoting groups. These results indicate that starting with rigid peptoid scaffolds may not always be optimal to develop new inhibitors.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about 167015-84-1. 167015-84-1 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Indols, name is tert-Butyl 3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate, and the molecular formula is C15H20N2O2, Safety of tert-Butyl 3-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles

Anderson, Kirsty published the artcileOne-pot oxidative hydrolysis-oxidative cleavage of 7-borylindoles enables access to o-amidophenols and 4-acylbenzoxazoles, COA of Formula: C15H20BNO2, the publication is Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) (2020), 56(24), 3559-3562, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The compounds 7-borylindoles I (R¹ = H, Me, n-Pr, BPin, Ph, 4-fluorophenyl; R² = H, Me, Et, 4-methoxyphenyl; R³ = H, Me, F, Cl, Br, NO₂, BnO) undergo a one-pot oxidative-hydrolysis of the arylboronate and oxidative cleavage of the indole C2-C3 double bond to afford o-amidophenol derivatives 2-OH-4-R³-6-(R²C(O))-C₆H₂NHC(O)R¹. Subsequent cyclization delivers benzoxazoles II bearing an acyl group at C4, a substitution pattern common to fungal-derived benzoxazole alkaloids. Using 7-borylindoles I as substrates to access functionalized o-amidophenols, the difficult preparation of these compounds from arene, streamlining access to substituted 4-acylbenzoxazoles II in the process is circumvented.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published new progress about 919119-59-8. 919119-59-8 belongs to indole-building-block, auxiliary class Indole,Boronic acid and ester,Boronate Esters,Boronic Acids,Boronic acid and ester, name is 2-Methyl-7-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-indole, and the molecular formula is C15H20BNO2, COA of Formula: C15H20BNO2.

Referemce:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41429-020-0333-2,
Preparation of Indole Containing Building Blocks for the Regiospecific Construction of Indole Appended Pyrazoles and Pyrroles